1. What is the Inverse Square Law for Sound?

The Inverse Square Law describes how sound intensity decreases with distance from a point source. It states that intensity is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the source.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the inverse square law equation:

Where:

• \( I \) — Sound intensity at distance r (W/m²)
• \( I_0 \) — Initial sound intensity at source (W/m²)
• \( r \) — Distance from sound source (m)

Explanation: The equation shows that as distance from the sound source doubles, the sound intensity decreases to one-quarter of its original value.

3. Importance of Sound Intensity Calculation

Details: Accurate sound intensity calculation is crucial for audio engineering, noise control, acoustic design, and understanding sound propagation in various environments.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter initial intensity in W/m² and distance in meters. All values must be valid (intensity > 0, distance > 0).

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Why does sound follow the inverse square law?
A: Sound energy spreads out equally in all directions from a point source, so the same amount of energy is distributed over a larger area as distance increases.

Q2: Does this law apply to all sound sources?
A: It applies best to point sources in free field conditions. For line sources or in enclosed spaces, the relationship may differ.

Q3: How does this relate to sound pressure level?
A: Sound intensity is proportional to the square of sound pressure, so sound pressure level decreases by 6 dB when distance doubles.

Q4: What are typical sound intensity values?
A: Normal conversation is about 10⁻⁶ W/m², while a jet engine at takeoff can be 1-10 W/m² at close range.

Q5: Are there limitations to this law?
A: The law assumes ideal conditions: no reflections, absorption, or interference. Real-world environments may show different attenuation patterns.