1. What is the Wavelength Equation?

The wavelength equation calculates the wavelength of an electromagnetic wave based on its frequency and the dielectric constant of the medium. It provides a fundamental relationship in electromagnetics and wave propagation.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the wavelength equation:

Where:

• \( \lambda \) — Wavelength (meters)
• \( c \) — Speed of light (3×10⁸ m/s)
• \( f \) — Frequency (Hz)
• \( \varepsilon_r \) — Dielectric constant (unitless)

Explanation: The equation shows that wavelength decreases with increasing frequency and is inversely proportional to the square root of the dielectric constant.

3. Importance of Wavelength Calculation

Details: Accurate wavelength calculation is crucial for antenna design, RF engineering, microwave applications, and understanding wave propagation in different media.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter frequency in Hz and dielectric constant (≥1). All values must be valid positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the dielectric constant?
A: The dielectric constant (relative permittivity) is a measure of how much a material concentrates electric flux compared to vacuum.

Q2: How does dielectric constant affect wavelength?
A: Higher dielectric constants result in shorter wavelengths as waves travel slower through the medium.

Q3: What is the speed of light in different media?
A: The speed decreases by a factor of 1/√ε_r compared to vacuum speed (3×10⁸ m/s).

Q4: What are typical dielectric constant values?
A: Vacuum: 1, Air: ~1.0006, Water: ~80, Common substrates: 2-12 (FR4: ~4.5, Rogers materials: 2-10).

Q5: Can this calculator be used for optical frequencies?
A: Yes, but dielectric constants at optical frequencies may differ from static values due to dispersion.